ebs 단기특강 유형편 3강

3강

1

Human beings are driven by a natural desire to form and maintain interpersonal relationships. From this perspective, people seek relationships with others to fill a fundamental need, and this need underlies many emotions, actions, and decisions throughout life. Probably, the need to belong is a product of human beings’ evolutionary history as a social species. Human beings have long depended on the cooperation of others for the supply of food, protection from predators, and the acquisition of essential knowledge. Without the formation and maintenance of social bonds, early human beings probably would not have been able to cope with or adapt to their physical environments. Thus, seeking closeness and meaningful relationships has long been vital for human survival.

 

1

 The full “price” of food includes the value of time spent acquiring, preparing, cooking, and cleaning up after meals. An economic perspective on time describes people as rational individuals who seek to maximize utility. The household is like a small firm that produces basic goods (meals, entertainment) through a combination of market goods and services (food ingredients), resources (cooking equipment and skills), and time (food preparation). As time becomes more precious, people naturally spend less time on food preparation. They tend to substitute calorie-dense fast food for more healthful home-cooked meals. The main point of the economic perspective is recognizing and valuing time as a resource and constraint in producing and consuming goods and services. With limited time, many consumers choose takeout or foods prepared outside the home.

 

2

Those who don’t know they can’t, can. Those who don’t know they can, can’t. There are countless examples of athletes who achieved unbelievable feats because they had no preconceived limits in their minds. Jim Thorpe was too uneducated, too steeped in Indian lore, and far too naive to know that he should not be traveling to Europe to compete in the decathlon without ever having tried the event. That is unheard of in any sport. Most athletes would not even consider competing with world-class athletes who have been training for years. Thorpe had no preconceived limits to anything, which allowed him to achieve the impossible. He won the decathlon in the 1912 Olympics, outscoring his nearest rival by an incredible 700 points. The key to Thorpe’s success was far more mental than physical.

 

3

Emotional eating behaviors can have roots in childhood. When a parent has issues with a child’s eating or weight, that parent may set limits on eating or criticize the child’s behavior. This often leads to the child’s sneaking food and lying about eating. This problem can carry into adulthood, especially when weight continues to be an issue. Wanting to avoid criticism or even any discussion of weight, the now-adult child is likely to continue to lie or to get angry with or resent parents or other adults who disapprove. Past experience with a parent playing “food policeman” can set up an unhealthy psychological situation from which emotional eating often results. Many people in this situation talk of having an internal “rebel” that rejects any attempts to set limits on their eating, even self-imposed limits. The emotional connection between past humiliation and the need for more adaptive behavior in the present is the challenge to be met in such cases.