2019수능특강 영어 28강 본문

수능특강 영어 28강.hwp

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수능특강 영어 28강

1

One of the most fundamental characteristics of money is that it acts as an easily transportable store of value. The fruits of our labor can be held in a crystallized form—instead of exchanging work directly for goods, we exchange it for cash, which can then be spent at our convenience. Money therefore holds value the same way a battery holds energy, and makes it movable both in time and space (unlike some other stores of value, such as land). A paycheck in one’s pocket can be spent whenever and wherever one wants—providing, of course, that someone is willing to accept it. To be of use, money must be not just portable but also easily exchangeable.

 

2

In recent years, several theorists have considered knowledge as the main source of competitive advantage. These theorists argue that post-industrial society—and indeed the entire economy—is increasingly based on knowledge production. Therefore, the expression “Knowledge Society” is an apt description of the contemporary world. The emergence of the knowledge society can be conceptualized on a relative or on an absolute basis in relation to industrial society. From the relative perspective, the knowledge society is an evolutionary development, where the production of knowledge becomes relatively more important than the production of tangible goods in the economy. From the absolute perspective, the knowledge society represents a more radical change, because it enables new forms of knowledge socialization and new possibilities to store the output of learning across time and space. In the absolute approach, knowledge society is contrasted with industrial society as postindustrial society, with capitalism as post-capitalist society, and with modern society as postmodern society.

 

3

Suppose a donut store has three workers working in limited, often confined kitchen space. To increase productivity, the store may want to employ more workers. For a period of time, the workers will help productivity. Over time with each new worker added, production will begin to increase at smaller intervals. Soon, the workers will start getting in one another’s way, and this will result in negative growth for the store. The workers will have to wait in line to use the machinery, walkway spaces will become crammed with people and raw materials, and the store would turn into one giant mess. Consequently, the total product of the store will start diminishing; the marginal product of additional workers will decline because of the amount of labor relative to machinery. In time, if the store continues to hire more employees, the total product will go to zero due to the lack of store space.

 

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One impact of the growth of the older population is the increased visibility of aging, which results in more awareness among the general population about older people, and about the diversity and uniqueness among older individuals. As older people become more numerous and visible, stereotypical attitudes and discriminatory practices that disadvantage older people are more likely to be challenged. For example, in comparing magazine advertisements in the year 2014 to those from 1980, we see a marked increase in both the number of ads that feature older people and in the average age of many models. While most people in ads are still young, our images of aging are changing along with heightened awareness of the aging of society. There may be no better example of this trend than the skyrocketing popularity of TV personality Betty White, age 92 at the time of this writing.