2020수능특강 영어 6강 본문

 6강

1

 Aging is an economic challenge because unless retirement ages are drastically increased so that older member of society can continue to contribute to the workforce (an economic imperative that has many economic benefits), the working-age population falls at the same time as the percentage of dependent elders increases. As the population ages and there are fewer young adults, purchases of big-ticket items such as homes, furniture, cars and appliances decrease. In addition, fewer people are likely to take entrepreneurial risks because aging workers tend to preserve the assets they need to retire comfortably rather than set up new businesses. This is somewhat balanced by people retiring and drawing down their accumulated savings, which in total lowers savings and investment rates. 

 

 2

 During the 1890s Richard Henry was caretaker of Resolution Island in remote Fiordland on the west coast of New Zealand’s South Island. A keen naturalist, he noted with concern the impact on native birds of the arrival of recently introduced stoats as they invaded this last corner of New Zealand. In a desperate attempt to protect populations of the flightless kakapo and little spotted kiwi between 1894 and 1900 he translocated hundreds of individuals from the mainland on to Resolution Island. Unfortunately, Resolution was too close to the mainland and stoats invaded in 1900. Thus, Henry’s efforts were in vain. Nevertheless, the technique of isolating species in danger on predator-free islands that may or may not have been occupied by the species in the past became a vital tool to prevent extinctions from predation by introduced predators in New Zealand. 

 

3

 Genes give us the foundation of our models. Experiences give us individual identities. Behaviors express our individual needs, desires, urges, attitudes, beliefs, and so on. In this way, all behaviors are purposeful. It is our job as supportive adults to find a constructive purpose. This does not mean that we should view violent behavior as resourceful; rather, we can enlist the core of violent behavior as a positive resource (e.g., Violent behavior may exemplify an eagerness to take control, an ability to respond authoritatively, or a refusal to be victimized). Ask yourself in what context or situation the core of a particular behavior would signify value. For example, “Your refusal to be victimized will help you grow more tolerant with people as you mature.” This comment orients the child toward a more fulfilling future because it validates the child’s world view and enlists the core of the behavior as a positive resource. 

 

4

 Managing relationships is a value that represents how someone considers the interests and well-being of other people involved in a person’s social world. When people provide food for others, share food with others or receive food from others, they typically consider the needs, preferences and feelings of those people related to what, how, when and where food is eaten. Personal needs and preferences are often compromised to build, maintain or repair relationships. Food is central to family harmony, and someone who adopts the role of the ‘household food manger’ is typically very attentive to the preferences, dislikes and patterns of eating of others. For example, newly married couples must negotiate ways to make joint food choices and parent-child relationships contribute to constructing family food decisions. Being a host, guest or co-worker also shapes food choice situations where roles and relationships are primary considerations in food choice.