ebs 단기특강 유형편 26강

ebs 단기특강 유형편 Day26.hwp

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Day 26

기출 예제

Crows are a remarkably clever family of birds. They are capable of solving many more complex problems compared to other birds, such as chickens. After hatching, chickens peck busily for their own food much faster than crows, which rely on the parent bird to bring them food in the nest. However, as adults, chickens have very limited hunting skills whereas crows are much more flexible in hunting for food. Crows also end up with bigger and more complex brains. Their extended period between hatching and flight from the nest enables them to develop intelligence.

 

1

"Feel is not a synonym for "think." "Feel" is often used when "think" would be more appropriate. Emotion is often used as though emotion exists apart, separate from thought; as though emotions have a life of their own and simply float around waiting to land up on some unsuspecting person and wreck all kinds of havoc. For some reason our society seems to prefer using the word "emotion" and/or "emotional" instead of terms that actually describe behavior. Maybe it's because we've gotten away from being specific about practically everything. We seem to like generalities, vagueness and language that lacks precision and clarity. So, instead of saying someone is happy or sad or whatever, we are more inclined to simply say he is emotional. It avoids the details of having to figure out where emotions come from to begin with.

 

2

Most sociologists believe that most of a person's capacities are gained through the person's embedding in social groups. If machines could succeed in mimicking human reasoning, then either humans would have learned to "socialize" machines or there would be something wrong with the idea of "the social." At the moment, humans have no idea how to socialize machines; there are no machines that can be raised from birth and learn language within a family, nor any that are imprinted with a ready-made set of social abilities and a capacity to continue to build them through social interaction. From time to time such abilities have been claimed for machines as they have evolved. For example, neural nets appear to be capable of learning by themselves, but only in a crude, behavioristic way, as one might train a pigeon or the like, so the deep problem of socialization has not been approached. THis means that any real successes in Artificial Intelligence would threaten the sociologist's idea of the social.